Osteocartilage degeneration is a disease in which degenerative nutritional processes occur in spinal tissues.The failure of intervertebral discs, adapting to their joint surfaces are developing, the body of the vertebrae, ligaments.Usually, initially, pathological changes occur in the bones and ligaments due to osteochondrosis.Furthermore, the onset of the disease can only be guessed when a person begins to suffer from complications of this state - back pain, impaired sensitivity, muscle atrophy, impaired internal organ function.
This disease is common among modern people: According to various sources, up to 90% of the world's population suffers from osteochondrosis.Basically, the disease affects people who are already 30 years old.To date, lumbar osteochondrosis (about half) is most frequently revealed.
Stages of osteochondrosis
The disease develops in a phased manner.In the first phase of disease progression, the dehydration process of the pulp pulposus begins.As a result, the disk reduces the height and cracks form in the fiber annex.However, pathological changes do not occur outside the disc.
In the second stage, the two adjacent vertebrae reconciliation due to the reduction in the height of the intervertebral disc, the attachment point of the muscle and ligament.Due to the sagging of ligaments and muscles, excessive mobility of vertebrae bones appears, which stimulates the development of vertebrae and motor segment instability.During this time, the vertebrae can slide or move while forming the spinal muscles.
The third stage of the development of osteochondrosis is characterized by significant changes in the morphological changes of the intervertebral disc.Hair loss occurs and disc herniation occurs, and subluxation occurs in the vertebrae and Unko-vertebral joints.
When the fourth stage occurs, adaptive changes are observed in the affected vertebrae.In this case, the body adapts to the overly powerful mobility of the vertebrae, thus overcoming it.Due to the immobilization of the spine, bone plants appear - the area of bone growth on adjacent surfaces of the vertebral body.Osteoblasts may damage the nerve spine.Gradually, the intervertebral discs and joints undergo fibrosis changes.As a result, a shell formed on the vertebrae segment, and the manifestation gradually disappeared.
Causes of osteochondrosis
Experts have expressed various hypotheses about the reasons that contribute to the development of osteochondrosis.These causes are called mechanical trauma of the spine, diseases during the body's metabolism, arrangement of diseases, which are hereditary.However, due to the prevalence of the disease, it is difficult to determine the obvious cause of the disease development.Often found among young people and the elderly.Strong and very little training.
Sometimes you hear the idea that the symptoms of osteochondrosis are caused by the deposition of the human spine.Patients often talk about salt excrement if they hear squeaks and creaking in their joints.In fact, it develops due to damage to tissue nutrition.As a result, their structure gradually reborn.In the tissues of bones and cartilage, the renewal process is constantly happening.If a person has regular and proper physical exercise, the fabric will become more elastic.But, among people who mainly live a sedentary lifestyle, the durability of this fabric is less durable.
In addition, the causes of osteochondrosis development may be excessive weight, invasion of posture, negative environmental conditions, characteristics of body position during work, an uneven bone and muscular system, pregnancy, pressure, pressure, hypothermia, infection.
Therefore, a range of factors that cause the development of the disease are very widespread.Blood flow and nutrition of cartilage and bone tissue play a non-last role in this process.In adult vertebrates, there are no blood vessels, so oxygen and all necessary nutrients are obtained from adjacent tissues.Therefore, for normal nutrition of the spine, blood circulation is constantly activated in the surrounding tissues.You can speed up this process by ensuring active function of your muscles.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
The manifestations of the disease may be diverse and directly depend on the stage of the disease's development.The most obvious symptoms appear when the pathological process spreads to the dorsal surface of the annulus of fibrous fibrous and posterior longitudinal ligament.During the activation of the pathological process, the patient develops reflex and compressive neurological syndrome.
Osteochondrosis may occur in various parts of the body, so the symptoms of the disease are very wide.In patients, osteocartilage may occur in limbs or numbness, sometimes in chest pain, genital function disorders, and headaches.At the same time, a person does not even realize that the cause of this manifestation is osteocartilage.
If the patient develops osteochondrosis in the chest and spine, the symptoms may be similar to the manifestations of heart disease: angina, myocardial infarction.This is why sometimes mistreatment is performed, leading to further development of osteochondrosis.Therefore, if a person is suspected of suffering from this disease, a person should immediately consult a doctor and conduct the necessary research.
Osteochondrosis is mainly manifested by pain and back discomfort.In some cases, pain can occur regularly and is unstable.There is a time when it may disappear.But for everyone, the occurrence of pain should be a very disturbing symptom and attract people's attention.It is important to think about and determine exactly what causes the pain.For example, this can be powerful physical exercise that can increase severity.
The next indicative symptom of cervical osteochondrosis is numbness in the arms and legs and pain in it.Similar symptoms are also characteristic of other types of osteochondrosis.Most of the time, the pain develops in the left leg or hand and sometimes emits the heart under the ribs.In the case of this symptom, you don’t need to rush to drink medicine from your heart or other ailments immediately, but you should listen carefully and evaluate the nature of the pain, and the changes depend on what the person currently does.All your observations should be detailed with the doctor, after which the patient undergoes massage, gymnastics and other treatments.A call to experts at the early stages of the disease will ensure its more effective treatment.
Therefore, in most cases, patients diagnosed with osteochondrosis complain about spinal discomfort in different places, pain to different intensities and characteristics.They have higher levels of fatigue, which is manifested in both physical and mental work.Sensitivity in different areas of the body can be disturbed, most commonly on the limbs.Patients can also mark their hands and legs colds.Osteochondrosis in the cervical area is usually manifested as dizziness and headache.Vision may also be greatly reduced.
If the patient has lumbar osteochondrosis, then in this case, multiple diseases of the human reproductive system may occur.After the treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis, men often noticed an improvement in efficacy.At the same time, if osteochondrosis of the bone spine develops in women, this can complicate the conception process and pregnancy process.In addition to these symptoms, osteochondrosis can also have other symptoms: muscle spasms, difficulty in movement, pain in shooting, etc.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
The most important point in the diagnosis of osteochondrosis is to collect tumors, and the most important moment in this process is the patient's investigation, which should provide detailed descriptions of all complaints from the doctor.If certain symptoms of the disease determine the characteristics of osteochondrosis, there are also many signs that it is important to distinguish them from those of other diseases.Diseases that manifest in the functions of many organs in osteocartilage are usually similar to symptoms of gastritis, angina, and gastric ulcers.This is why every symptom in osteochondrosis has been studied and analyzed in detail.
During the diagnosis, the doctor considered the patient's age and the development of symptoms.To elucidate the diagnosis, other methods were used for the study.In this case, radiological examinations were performed in most cases.To determine the patient's condition, spine observation X-ray was performed.If there are more specific complaints, aiming radiography is practiced for the lesion site.
A relatively complex diagnostic method is considered bone marrow science.This test specifies the introduction of contrast agents into the cerebrospinal canal.In this case, there is a risk of damage to the spinal cord and the occurrence of allergic reactions.But at the same time, this approach is considered beneficial if needed to determine the presence of dorsal hernia.
Additionally, using computed tomography, magnetic nuclear resonance is practiced.However, they are relatively expensive, so they are mainly differentially diagnosed when necessary and determine the presence of the spine.
Treatment of osteochondrosis
In order to bring treatment of spinal osteochondrosis closer, it is not only necessary to provide an accurate diagnosis, but also a comprehensive approach is needed to address the problem.Usually, doctors specify treatments based on treatments, depending on which part of the spine is affected.The main treatments for the cervical area as well as the chest and lumbar spine are massage, manual treatment, acupuncture, electrical stimulation, treatment of gymnastics, vacuum therapy, traction and other methods.Parallel treatment with folk therapy can also be implemented.
Doctors prescribe in ways that ensure the removal of symptoms of the condition and the causes that cause spinal pathology.By applying physical therapy, medications are used to stop the pain.Special exercises for spinal osteochondrosis were also adopted.
One of the main methods of osteochondria in the musculoskeletal system and other diseases of osteochondria is to use physical therapy exercises.For this purpose, special equipment for rehabilitation is used.With exercises chosen by experts individually, you can improve blood circulation and activate metabolism.As a result, the power of the intervertebral disc improves and the load on the spine decreases.
The method of physical therapy involves the effect on the body of various physical factors.Using low-frequency current, magnetic field, and laser, it can effectively relieve pain and reduce inflammation, and parallel drug treatment is more effective.With massage, you can relieve tension and muscle pain and activate blood circulation.Manual therapy can relieve acute and persistent chronic pain in the joints and spine, increase exercise volume, and have a general positive effect on the body.Spine extensions are used to relieve severe pain.It is executed on a special device.During this process, the intervertebral space increases and the shape of the spine is restored.Drug treatment is mainly carried out during the aggravation process.
But in most cases, even effective treatment can only slow down the progression of the disease to prevent exacerbation.You can only fully recover during the initial stages of osteochondrosis.It is important to consider that the duration of treatment depends on the initiation of the disease, treatment method, and how the patient fulfills all the appointments and advice of the doctor.Typically, active treatment lasts from one to three months.After the operation, one person recovered for about a year.If conservative therapy does not bring the expected results and there are special signs, the doctor will prescribe surgical treatment.
Prevent osteochondral disease
People who already have osteochondrosis symptoms need to try not to overload the spine and minimize stress in the disc.It is recommended to always try to maintain a uniform back to avoid spinal trauma.A comfortable nighttime sleep is important: You need to choose a separate orthopedic mattress.You should not lift weights of more than 10 kg, and to increase the item you need to initially sit down, take an object, and then lift it.Women should not wear shoes that are too high in high heels.In addition, people who complain of back pain should exercise every day to strengthen their muscle corsets.If possible, it is recommended to participate in swimming.